Trees work hard for us every day. They cool our neighborhoods, clean our air, reduce stormwater runoff, provide wildlife habitat, and make our communities healthier and more beautiful.

Tree planting is fun, but the work to grow our urban forest doesn’t end once a tree is in the ground. The first few years after planting are some of the most important in a young tree’s life. Proper care during this establishment period helps young trees survive, grow stronger roots, and provide benefits for decades to come.

Whether you recently adopted a tree, planted one in your yard, or care for a street tree in your neighborhood, here are a few simple ways to help your tree thrive.

Watering: The Key to Young Tree Survival

Water is one of the most important resources for newly planted trees. Young trees have smaller root systems than established trees, making them more vulnerable to drought and heat stress.

During the growing season, trees should receive consistent watering, especially during hot, dry weather. Rather than watering lightly every day, give your tree a deep watering once or twice a week. Slow, thorough watering allows moisture to reach the roots where it’s needed most.

Not sure if your tree needs water? Check the soil a few inches below the surface. If it feels dry, it’s time to water. If it’s still moist, you can wait a little longer.

Remember that newly planted trees may need supplemental watering for several years after planting, particularly during periods of drought. Trees need 10 gallons of water for every inch of tree diameter. For example, a tree with a 2” diameter trunk needs 20 gallons of water per week.

Weeding: Give Trees Room to Grow

Grass and weeds compete with young trees for water and nutrients. While it may not seem like much, turf grass can significantly slow a young tree’s growth and make it harder for roots to establish.

Keeping a weed-free area around the base of your tree helps reduce competition and allows more water to reach the roots. Be careful when using tools to weed so you don’t hit any roots.

An added bonus of removing grass from around your trees? A clear area around the trunk also helps protect trees from damage caused by lawnmowers and string trimmers.

Mulching: One of the Best Things You Can Do

If there’s one tree care practice that offers big benefits with relatively little effort, it’s proper mulching.

Mulch helps to conserve soil moisture, suppress weeds, regulate soil temperature, and improve soil health as it breaks down over time. A layer of wood chips or shredded bark around your tree can make a significant difference, especially during Pittsburgh’s hot summer months.

When mulching, remember: mulch wide, not deep. Aim for a layer about 2 to 4 inches deep and spread it as far from the trunk as practical.

Most importantly, keep mulch away from the trunk. Piling mulch against the bark, known as “volcano mulching,” can trap moisture, encourage decay, and create long-term health problems for the tree. Instead, create a large donut-shaped mulch ring with a clear space around the trunk.

When it comes to selecting mulch, make sure you use natural mulch, not dyed. This isn’t just important for mulch around your trees, but throughout your garden.

Inspect Your Tree Regularly

One of the easiest ways to care for a tree is simply paying attention to it.

Take a few moments throughout the growing season to inspect your tree. Look for signs of stress, including:

• Wilting or discolored leaves
• Dead or broken branches
• Damage to the trunk or bark
• Insect activity
• Mushrooms or fungal growth near the base of the tree

Catching issues early often makes them easier to address. It’s also a great opportunity to remove any litter from the tree pit, check mulch levels, and make sure the tree is receiving enough water.

What About Pruning?

Pruning is an important part of long-term tree care, but timing matters.

In Western Pennsylvania, most structural pruning is best done during the dormant season when trees are not actively growing. Summer pruning may be appropriate in some situations, such as removing dead, damaged, or hazardous branches, but major pruning work is generally postponed until cooler months.

If you’re unsure whether your tree needs pruning, consulting a certified arborist can help ensure the right cuts are made at the right time.

Growing a Healthier Urban Forest

Every healthy tree in our region contributes to a stronger urban forest. By watering during dry periods, keeping weeds in check, applying mulch correctly, and regularly inspecting your trees, you can help them grow into lasting community assets.

The care we provide today helps ensure that future generations can enjoy the many benefits trees bring to Pittsburgh’s neighborhoods. After all, planting a tree is just the beginning! Helping it thrive is where the real magic happens.

Care for Trees with Tree Pittsburgh

Inspired to do some tree care? Visit our Events Calendar to find a mulching party near you!